Earlier we discussed the reasons for breaking fast. Causes of breaking the fast other than menstruation, such as having intercourse, direct ejaculation, eating or using food or the like, and blowing horns and vomiting, will only break the fast if it is knowingly, recollected and voluntary. becomesSo it is understood that there are three conditions for breaking the fast:
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First condition: Knowledge of the reason for breaking the fast
So if one indulges in any of the above without knowing it, then fasting will not be broken. Because, Allah Ta’ala says,
رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذۡنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوۡ أَخۡطَأۡنَاۚ
“O our Lord! You will not catch us if we forget or make a mistake.”
In another verse Allah says,
وَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ جُنَاحٞ فِيمَآ أَخۡطَأۡتُم بِهِۦ وَلَٰكِن مَّا تَعَمَّدَتۡ قُلُوبُكُمۡۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمًا
“And there is no sin in what you forget. Of course, you will be accountable for what your heart is doing. And Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
The issue of not breaking the fast due to ignorance is widespread, perhaps he is ignorant of the rulings of the Shari’ah. For example, he thinks that this thing will not break his fast, so he does it. or was unknown to him at the time or condition of the act. For example, he thinks that Fajr or Subha Sadiq has not yet arisen, so he continues to eat and drink even though Fajr has already arisen. Or ate thinking that the sun had set, but the sun had not yet set. The fast will not be broken due to these reasons. Because,
Narrated `Adi bin Hatim:When the above verses were revealed: ‘Until the white thread appears to you, distinct from the black thread,’ I took two (hair) strings, one black and the other white, and kept them under my pillow and went on looking at them throughout the night but could not make anything out of it. So, the next morning I went to Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) and told him the whole story. He explained to me, “That verse means the darkness of the night and the whiteness of the dawn.”
It is seen in this hadith that ‘Adi Radiyallahu Anhu ate until the sky is white in the morning. He did not stop drinking until the two lines were clearly visible. And the Prophet (ﷺ) did not even order him to break the fast; Because he was ignorant of its command.
Similar hadith of Asma bint Abi Bakr Radiyallahu Anha in Sahih Bukhari. She said,
“We broke the fast during the time of the Prophet (ﷺ) on a cloudy day after which the sun appeared.”
Here he does not mention that the Prophet(ﷺ) ordered them to break the fast; Because their time was unknown. And if the Prophet (ﷺ) had given the order of Qa’za, it would have been narrated; For it is a matter of great importance which man would not have lacked the courage to describe.
Second Condition: Remembrance of the Fast
So if the fasting person forgets his fast and the person who breaks the fast does something, then his fast will be purified and he will not have to perform it again.
Moreover, on the authority of Abu Huraira, may Allah be pleased with him, the Messenger of Allah(ﷺ)said,“If somebody eats or drinks forgetfully then he should complete his fast, for what he has eaten or drunk, has been given to him by Allah.”
The command of the Prophet (ﷺ) to complete the fast is a clear proof that the fast is valid. And referring the feeding and drinking of the forgetful person to Allah proves that there is no hold or accountability over it.But whenever he is reminded or someone reminds him: he will refrain from it and if he has something in his mouth, he will also throw it; Because now his difficulty is removed.And when someone sees a fasting person eating or drinking, he should warn the fasting person. Because,Allah Ta’ala says,
وَتَعَاوَنُواْ عَلَى ٱلۡبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ
“Help each other in good deeds and piety.”
Third condition: Breaking the fast spontaneously
Only if the person who breaks the fast does something according to his own choice and desire, his fast will be broken. Otherwise, if the fasting person is forced to break his fast, then his fast will be pure, and he will not have to make up for it. Because Allah Ta’ala has removed the command of Kufr from the person who is forced to commit Kufr while his heart is firm on faith.
مَن كَفَرَ بِٱللَّهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ إِيمَٰنِهِۦٓ إِلَّا مَنۡ أُكۡرِهَ وَقَلۡبُهُۥ مُطۡمَئِنُّۢ بِٱلۡإِيمَٰنِ وَلَٰكِن مَّن شَرَحَ بِٱلۡكُفۡرِ صَدۡرٗا فَعَلَيۡهِمۡ غَضَبٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ
“Whoever disbelieves in Allah after their belief—not those who are forced while their hearts are firm in faith, but those who embrace disbelief wholeheartedly—they will be condemned by Allah and suffer a tremendous punishment.”
Therefore, if Allah Ta’ala has given away the order of Kufr due to coercion and coercion, then a lesser crime than Kufr will be removed.Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:”Allah has forgiven for me my nation their mistakes and forgetfulness, and what they are forced to do.”
Dear brothers! Know the Deen of Allah well, so that you can worship Allah knowingly. Because those who know and those who do not know cannot be equal. And The Prophet (ﷺ) said,
“Allah gives deep knowledge of religion to whom He wills.”