It is forbidden for the person observing the fast to do any of the following reasons for breaking the fast, if the fast is an obligatory fast, such as the fast of Ramadan.Like
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Wife Intercourse
Coitus refers to the insertion of a man’s penis into a woman’s genitals. It is the main reason for breaking the fast and the biggest sin in fasting.
So the woman who had sexual intercourse while fasting will lose her fast whether it is obligatory fast or not.
Therefore, if a fasting person has sexual intercourse with his wife while fasting in Ramadan, then it is necessary for her to perform ‘strict expiation’ along with the Qaza of fasting.This expiation is: freeing a Muslim slave-girl. If he does not get slave-girls, then fasting for two months continuously if there is no Shariah reason. Shariah reason is physically perceptible reason,two Eid days.
If he breaks the fast even one day without any reason, then he has to start the fast again from the beginning. So that fasting is observed for two months. If he is not able to fast for two months at a time, then 60 poor people have to be fed. Every poor person should be given ‘half a kilo and 10 grams’ of good quality wheat.
Narrated Abu Huraira:A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, “I had sexual intercourse with my wife on Ramadan (while fasting).” The Prophet (ﷺ) asked him, “Can you afford to manumit a slave?” He replied in the negative. The Prophet (ﷺ) asked him, “Can you fast for two successive months?” He replied in the negative. He asked him, “Can you afford to feed sixty poor persons?” He replied in the negative. (Abu Huraira added): Then a basket full of dates was brought to the Prophet (ﷺ) and he said (to that man), “Feed (poor people) with this by way of atonement.” He said, “(Should I feed it) to poorer people than we? There is no poorer house than ours between its (Medina’s) mountains.” The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Then feed your family with it.”
The main basis in this regard is the words of Almighty Allah,
أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ ٱلصِّيَامِ ٱلرَّفَثُ إِلَىٰ نِسَآئِكُمْ ۚ
“Intercourse with wives has been made lawful for you during the night of fasting.”
Intentional ejaculation
Be it by kissing, touching or masturbating or doing anything with lust that causes ejaculation, the fast will be broken. Because these are acts that without abandoning the fast cannot take place. For example,Hadith Qudsi states: Allah Ta’ala says, “The fasting person refrains from eating and drinking because of Me.”
And if kissing or touching does not result in ejaculation then fast will not be broken. Because Aisha (R.A) said,
“Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) used to kiss me while observing fast; and who among you can control his desire as the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) could control his desire.”
If the fasting person fears ejaculation through kissing or anything else, or if their kissing will lead to intercourse and he cannot control his sexual excitement. Then kissing and other behaviors will be forbidden on him.
However, if the semen is ejaculated through any dream or without any thought, then the fast will not be broken. Because the dream was not due to the will of the fasting person. And thinking is forgivable. because, The Messenger of Allah(ﷺ)said, “Surely Allah has forgiven my ummah, whatever my ummah imagines in their hearts, implements or talks about.”
To eat & drink
Eat & Drink refers to ingesting any food or drink through the mouth or nose. because, Allah Ta’ala says:
وَكُلُواْ وَٱشۡرَبُواْ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡخَيۡطُ ٱلۡأَبۡيَضُ مِنَ ٱلۡخَيۡطِ ٱلۡأَسۡوَدِ مِنَ ٱلۡفَجۡرِۖ ثُمَّ أَتِمُّواْ ٱلصِّيَامَ إِلَى ٱلَّيۡلِۚ
“Eat and drink until the white line of dawn becomes clear to you from the black line of night. Then complete fasting till night.”
And entering something through the nose is like drinking. because,The Prophet (ﷺ) said: Snuff up water freely unless you are fasting.
Take out blood through cups
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: A man who cupped and a man who has himself cupped broke their fast.
Bleeding from the nose, bleeding with phlegm, bleeding due to hemorrhoids, bleeding due to extraction of teeth, bleeding from a ruptured wound, or bleeding from a needle prick and such acts do not break the fast. Because; They are not horns, nor are they like him; Because they do not affect the body like horns.
Intentional vomiting
Vomiting is the expulsion of food or drink from the stomach through the mouth. Fasting is broken by vomiting, because;The Prophet (ﷺ) said: If one has a sudden attack of vomiting while one is fasting, no atonement is required of him, but if he vomits intentionally he must make atonement.
Menstruation
Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) said, “Isn’t it true that a woman can neither pray nor fast during her menses?”
When a woman menstruates her fast will be broken. Even it is at the beginning of the day or at the end of the day. Even if it is just before sunset.And if he feels that blood is beginning to flow, but it only comes out after sunset, then his fast will be purified.